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Òpisënk
English: Various coins that circulated during the late Machu period, from the lowest denomination to the highest:


1 & 2) 2 milled (machine-struck) Cantonese Guāng Xù Tōng Bǎo (光緒通寶) cash coins of 1 wén with a weight of 7 fēn (七分), the Manchu characters ᡤᡠᠸᠠᠩ (Möllendorff romanisation: Guwang) tells of their Cantonese origin.
3) Same Guāng Xù Tōng Bǎo (光緒通寶) Cantonese milled cash coin of 1 wén as the 2 (two) described above but with a round hole instead of a square hole.
4) A cast Guāng Xù Tōng Bǎo (光緒通寶) cast cash coin of 1 wén.
5) A Qián Lóng Tōng Bǎo (乾隆通寶) cast cash coin of 1 wén, these were produced in East-Turkestan until the fall of the Qing Dynasty after the Wuchang Uprising & Xinhai Revolution.
6) A modern fantasy reproduction of a Yunnanese Xuān Tǒng Tōng Bǎo (宣統通寶) cast cash coin of 1 wén, minted in the city of Kunming, Yunnan.
7) An East-Turkestani “Red Cash” coin designed to have the same metallurgical specifications (alloy) as Muslim Pūl (ﭘول) coins, and to circulate alongside them. Minted at the Aksu mint (Manchu script: ᠠᡴᠰᡠ ; Arabic script: ئاقسۇ).
8) A Guāng Xù Zhòng Bǎo (光緒重寶) cast cash coin of 10 wén.
9) A milled Dà Qīng Tóng Bì (大清銅幣) 10 wén coin issued by the Ministry of Revenue and Expenditure. The English inscription reads the Wade-Giles “Tai-Ching-Ti-Kuo Copper Coin”, while the Chinese inscription of Guāng Xù Nián Zào (光緒年造) indicates that this coin was cast under the reign of the Guāng Xù Emperor.
10) A milled Guāng Xù Yuán Bǎo (光緒元寶) 10 wén coin issued by the Province of Jiangnan (Wade-Giles: Kiang-Nan) in 1904.
11) A milled Cantonese Guāng Xù Yuán Bǎo (光緒元寶) ¢1 coin, the fact that this coin from the province of Guangdong (Wade-Giles: Kwang-Tung) reads “One Cent” and not “Ten Cash” while superficially still resembling the above coin signifies the beginning of the end of the 2,500 year tradition of creating “Chinese Cash coins” as a new decimal system based on the coinage of the French Revolution would substitute the old wén-system.
12) A milled Guāng Xù Yuán Bǎo (光緒元寶) 10 wén coin issued by the Province of Henan (Wade-Giles: Ho-Nan) in 1905, the coin features a Yin & Yang symbol.
13) A silver Xuān Tǒng Yuán Bǎo (宣統元寶) coin of 1 Mace and 4.4 Candareens issued by the “Manchurian Proviences” (sic), these were the provinces of Fengtian (Liaoning), Jilin, and Heilongjiang.
14) A silver Xuān Tǒng Yuán Bǎo (宣統元寶) coin of 1 Mace and 4.4 Candareens issued by the “Manchurian provinces” with the correct English spelling. This coin does not contain any Manchu text.
15) A(n alleged) replica of a “1 Dollar” (as in the Spanish Dollar and/or Mexican Peso) silver coin issued under the Xuantong Emperor, these were the only Qing Dynasty coins that bore the inscription “壹圓” (1 Yuán).

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Datum
Zdrój Swòjô robòta
Aùtor Donald Trung Quoc Don (Chữ Hán: 徵國單) - Wikimedia Commons
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Pozycja fotografa53° 08′ 14,71″ N, 7° 01′ 46,12″ E Kartographer map based on OpenStreetMap.To i inne zdjęcia na: OpenStreetMapinfo

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14 séw 2017

53°8'14.71"N, 7°1'46.13"E

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